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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1361256/
1. Mechanisms of Ultrasonic-Enhanced Drug Delivery. Ultrasound (US) has been employed to enhance the delivery and activity of drugs for the past two decades. In the past 6 years, however, research in US-activated drug delivery has blossomed with the introduction of gas bubbles.Author: William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini, Bryant J. Staples
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6251463/
Nov 20, 2018 · Ultrasound also holds a unique mechanical influence on gas bubbles, which allows the manipulation and utilization of cavitation effects within the field of ultrasound-based transdermal drug delivery.Author: Brenden Cheong Qi Seah, Boon Mian Teo
http://news.mit.edu/2015/ultrasound-drug-delivery-inflammatory-bowel-disease-1021
Oct 21, 2015 · Ultrasound improves drug delivery by a mechanism known as transient cavitation. When a fluid is exposed to sound waves, the waves induce the formation of tiny bubbles that implode and create microjets that can penetrate and push medication into tissue.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676802/
Ultrasound enhanced transdermal drug delivery offers advantages over traditional injection drug delivery methods which are invasive and painful. Currently few drugs, proteins or peptides have been successfully administered transdermally for clinical applications because of the low skin permeability to these relatively large molecules.Author: Nadine Barrie Smith
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169409X14000088
The ultrasound intensity is mainly limited in attempt to avoid potential skin damage. Characteristic drug delivery enhancements in drug transport induced by therapeutic ultrasound have been ~ 10-fold compared to passive drug delivery . This enhancement effect might be appropriate for local delivery of certain drugs (i.e. hydrocortisone) but inappropriate for most drugs.Author: Aharon Azagury, Luai Khoury, Giora Enden, Joseph Kost
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3436072/
Jun 30, 2011 · From these beginnings, research on low-frequency ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery has exploded, with dozens of different groups working on applications of this technology (see Table 2). All types of permeants, from small hydrophobic compounds, such as salicylic acid, to highly hydrophilic compounds, such as vasopressin, to proteins, such as insulin, and even vaccines or …Author: Baris E. Polat, Douglas Hart, Robert Langer, Daniel Blankschtein
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329106965_Physical_methods_for_topical_skin_drug_delivery_Concepts_and_applications
Among them, iontophoresis, low-frequency ultrasound and microneedles have been widely employed for transdermal drug delivery. More recently, they are also studied to aid in the treatment of...
https://hms.harvard.edu/news/ultrasound-drug-delivery
Oct 21, 2015 · Ultrasound Drug Delivery. Using ultrasound waves, researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital and MIT have found a way to enable ultra-rapid delivery of drugs to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4725305/
Ultrasound contrast agents for increased transdermal drug delivery Another interesting approach involves the use of HFS and ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in the coupling solution. UCAs are commonly used in contrast-enhanced US imaging of blood perfusion in organs, to measure the blood flow rate in the heart among many other applications [ 58 ].Author: Matthias A Oberli, Carl M Schoellhammer, Robert Langer, Daniel Blankschtein
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700785/
The opportunity for transdermal drug delivery is that cavitation bubbles concentrate the energy of ultrasound and thereby enable targeted effects at the site of bubble activity 30, 41. Because bubbles are more difficult to grow and oscillate within densely-packed tissue, cavitation preferentially occurs within the coupling medium (e.g., a hydrogel) between the ultrasound transducer and skin.Author: Mark R Prausnitz, Robert Langer
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