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https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/complications-of-labor-and-delivery/abnormal-position-and-presentation-of-the-fetus
In occiput posterior presentation (also called sunny-side up), the fetus is head first but is facing up (toward the mother's abdomen). It is the most common abnormal position or presentation. When a fetus faces up, the neck is often straightened rather than bent, and the head requires more space to pass through the birth canal.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/occiput-posterior-position#!
Feb 14, 2019 · Before labor, 15 to 20 percent of term fetuses in cephalic presentation are OP, but only 5 percent are OP at vaginal delivery because most OP fetuses spontaneously rotate to an anterior position during labor . Some persistent OP positions may be due to an android maternal pelvis, as the mechanical forces on the fetus during the cardinal movements of labor in this setting can inhibit rotation to the occiput …
https://www.momjunction.com/articles/ways-to-avoid-having-an-occiput-posterior-position_0082926/
Jan 18, 2020 · Most babies, who are in the occiput posterior position before labor, tend to rotate to the occiput anterior (OA) position after the labor sets in. Some posterior babies may get delivered without any slowdown in labor, while some may take time but require no obstetric interventions.
https://www.verywellfamily.com/fetal-positions-for-labor-and-birth-2759020
The right occiput anterior (ROA) presentation is also common in labor. In this position, the back of the baby is slightly off center in the pelvis with the back of the head toward the mother's right thigh. In general, OA positions do not lead to problems or additional pain during labor or birth.
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000621.htm
In occiput posterior position, your baby's head is down, but it is facing the mother's front instead of her back. It is safe to deliver a baby facing this way. But it is harder for the baby to get through the pelvis.
https://www.umfst.ro/fileadmin/centrul_de_simulare/studenti/Mechanism_of_the_delivery.pdf
Mechanisms of Labor with Occiput Anterior Presentation engagement The mechanism by which the biparietal diameter— the greatest transverse diameter in an occiput presentation—passes through the pelvic inlet is designated engagement. The fetal head may engage during the last few weeks of pregnancy or not until after labor commencement.
https://www.babycenter.com/0_posterior-position_1454005.bc
A 2007 study of 270 women being induced found that more than a third of the babies were in the posterior position just before the induction started, but fewer than 1 in 12 were still that way at delivery. Of the babies who were posterior at birth, over two-thirds of them weren't posterior in the beginning.
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