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https://clinicalgate.com/rectal-and-vaginal-drug-delivery/
Several categories of rectal preparations for drug delivery are available: suppositories, rectal capsules, rectal solutions, emulsions and suspensions, powders and tablets for rectal solutions and suspensions, semi-solid rectal preparations, rectal foams and rectal tampons.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10837450.2018.1484766
Dec 28, 2017 · Drug delivery via the rectum is a useful alternative route of administration to the oral route for patients who cannot swallow. Traditional rectal dosage forms have been historically used for localized treatments including delivery of laxatives, treatment of hemorrhoids and for delivery …Author: Trusha J. Purohit, Sara M. Hanning, Zimei Wu
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/100/1/143
Sedatives commonly administered by this route include midazolam, diazepam, and ketamine. 138, 140, 141 In children, the rectal route is convenient for the administration of benzodiazepines to treat status epilepticus because an intravenous line is not required. 146, 147 The rectal dose generally must be higher than the dose administered intravenously or orally. The extent of the increase depends on the …
https://www.pharmatutor.org/articles/discussion-novel-rectal-drug-delivery-systems-recent-review
Rectal drug delivery is an efficient alternate to oral and parenteral route of administration in partial avoidance of first pass metabolism and protein peptide drug delivery. This route allows both local and systemic therapy of drugs. Controlled absorption enhancement of drugs can be achieved by the rectal route because of the constant conditions in the rectal environment. In the present review presents various dosage forms used in rectal route, factors related recatal route …
http://globalresearchonline.net/journalcontents/v21-1/13.pdf
In many suppositories the drug substance is in suspension of the vehicle. This means that the drug absorption by rectal route is governed by particle size, solubility in water and interfacial tension. However, there are some systems in which the drug dissolves either fully or in part of the base.
https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/neurology/rectal-drug-administration-in-adults-how-when-why-22-02-2016/
Rectal absorption results in more of the drug reaching the systemic circulation with less alteration on route. As well as being a more effective route for delivering medication, rectal administration also reduces side-effects of some drugs, such as gastric irritation, nausea and vomiting (Tortora and Derrickson, 2008).
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